Gut microbiome
The gut microbiome is the term used to explain the totality of all bacteria and digestive bacteria in our digestion system. To name a few things, it affects the body immune system and the metabolism of its host.
Around 2 billion people around the world are obese. Weight problems increases the threat of establishing high blood pressure, heart attack or type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can likewise trigger inflammation in the body that damages the body immune system through an accumulation of particular memory T and B cells. This procedure is called immune senescence, an age-related change in the immune system.
Such a diet is beneficial to the immune system. Researchers have now explored the relationships between calorie-reduced diets, the microbiome, metabolism, and the immune system in a new study.
Calorie-reduced diet changes the gut microbiome
For this purpose, they initially analyzed how a really low-calorie diet (800 kcal/day for 8 weeks) impacted the gut microbiome of an obese lady. “In this method, we were able to determine the sole results of the diet-shaped gut microbiome on metabolism and the immune system,” said Reiner Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg, last author of the research study and a scientist at the Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of Helmholtz Munich at the University of Tübingen, a partner of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD).
Diet-altered gut microbiome improves metabolism and delays immune senescence
By transplanting the diet-altered microbiota, glucose metabolism enhanced and fat deposition reduced. In addition, mass cytometry revealed that the level of specific memory T and B cells was also reduced. “This suggests delayed immune senescence,” stated Julia Sbierski-Kind, first author of the study.
” These findings recommend that the favorable impacts of a low-calorie diet on metabolic process and the body immune system are mediated via the gut microbiome,” Sbierski-Kind stated. Nevertheless, the authors of the study emphasize that the examination has so far only been conducted with the microbiome of one individual and that the experiments will need to be repeated with extra subjects to confirm the outcomes. The new findings could also be intriguing for medical practice in the long term. “An enhanced understanding of the intricate interaction between diet, the microbiome, and the body immune system may set the stage for the development of brand-new microbiome-based therapeutic opportunities to treat immune and metabolic diseases,” said Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg.
Recommendation: “Effects of calorie restriction on the gut microbiome are related to immune senescence” by Julia Sbierski-Kind, Sophia Grenkowitz, Stephan Schlickeiser, Arvid Sandforth, Marie Friedrich, Désirée Kunkel, Rainer Glauben, Sebastian Brachs, Knut Mai, Andrea Thürmer, Aleksandar Radonic, Oliver Drechsel, Peter J. Turnbaugh, Jordan E. Bisanz, Hans-Dieter Volk, Joachim Spranger and Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg, 4 April 2022, Microbiome.DOI: 10.1186/ s40168-022-01249-4.
About the study:.
The aim of the study was to identify the interactions between a calorie-restricted diet plan, microbiome and the body immune system. To this end, a human dietary intervention trial was integrated with gnotobiotic experiments in which immunophenotyping was figured out by multidimensional single cell mass cytometry. The following institutes and research facilities were involved:.
Scientists have actually now shown for the first time that this impact is brought about by a transformed gut microbiome, which slows down the wear and tear of the immune system in old age (immune senescence). Researchers have now checked out the relationships in between calorie-reduced diets, the microbiome, metabolic process, and the immune system in a brand-new study.
“In this way, we were able to figure out the sole impacts of the diet-shaped gut microbiome on metabolic process and the immune system,” stated Reiner Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg, last author of the research study and a scientist at the Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of Helmholtz Munich at the University of Tübingen, a partner of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD).” These findings recommend that the positive impacts of a low-calorie diet on metabolism and the immune system are moderated by means of the gut microbiome,” Sbierski-Kind said. “An improved understanding of the complicated interplay between diet plan, the microbiome, and the immune system might set the stage for the advancement of brand-new microbiome-based healing avenues to treat metabolic and immune diseases,” stated Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg.
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD).
Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of Helmholtz Munich at the University of Tübingen.
Department of Internal Medicine IV (Director: Prof. Andreas Birkenfeld), Tübingen University Hospital.
Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tübingen.
Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité– Universitätsmedizin Berlin, business member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité– Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin.
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité– Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Flow & & Mass Cytometry Core Facility, Berlin.
Gut with Bacteroidetes and firmicutes germs. Credit: © CMFI/Leon Kokkoliadis
A Low-Calorie Diet Alters the Gut Microbiome and Delays Immune Aging
A calorie-reduced diet can not only postpone the advancement of metabolic illness, but likewise has a positive result on the immune system. Scientists have now revealed for the first time that this result is produced by an altered gut microbiome, which decreases the deterioration of the immune system in aging (immune senescence). The research study has actually been released in the journal Microbiome.
