A group consisting of Designated Assistant Professor Naritoshi Kitamura and Professor Yoshizumi Miyoshi of the Institute for Space and Earth Science (ISEE) at Nagoya University, together with scientists from the University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, Tohoku University, Osaka University, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and numerous worldwide partners, mainly utilized information obtained utilizing low-energy electron spectrometers, called Fast Plasma Investigation-Dual Electron Spectrometers, on board NASAs Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. They evaluated interactions in between electrons and whistler-mode waves, which were likewise measured by the spacecraft. By using an approach of utilizing a wave particle interaction analyzer, they prospered in straight identifying the continuous energy transfer from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves at the location of the spacecraft in space. From this, they obtained the development rate of the wave. The scientists released their results in Nature Communications.
“This is the very first time any person has directly observed the efficient growth of waves in space for the wave-particle interaction between electrons and whistler-mode waves,” explains Kitamura. As more particular phenomena, the outcomes will contribute to our understanding of the velocity of electrons to high energies in the radiation belt, which are often called killer electrons since they inflict damage on satellites, as well as the loss of high-energy electrons in the environment, which form scattered auroras.”
Referral: “Direct observations of energy transfer from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in magnetosheath of Earth” by N. Kitamura, T. Amano, Y. Omura, S. A. Boardsen, D. J. Gershman, Y. Miyoshi, M. Kitahara, Y. Katoh, H. Kojima, S. Nakamura, M. Shoji, Y. Saito, S. Yokota, B. L. Giles, W. R. Paterson, C. J. Pollock, A. C. Barrie, D. G. Skeberdis, S. Kreisler, O. Le Contel, C. T. Russell, R. J. Strangeway, P.-A. Lindqvist, R. E. Ergun, R. B. Torbert and J. L. Burch, 28 October 2022, Nature Communications.DOI: 10.1038/ s41467-022-33604-2.
This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (17H06140, 18H03727, 21K13979) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
For the very first time ever, physicists have observed energy being transferred from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in area. This offers verification of the non-linear growth theory of waves, which had actually been previously predicted. This development might supply a greater understanding of both area plasma physics and space weather, which can have a result on satellites.
A team from Nagoya University in Japan has actually observed, for the very first time, the energy transferring from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in space. Their findings use direct proof of formerly thought effective growth, as predicted by the non-linear development theory of waves. This ought to enhance our understanding of not only area plasma physics but likewise space weather, a phenomenon that impacts satellites.
When people imagine outer space, they often picture it as an ideal vacuum. This impression is wrong since the vacuum is filled with charged particles. In the depths of space, the density of charged particles becomes so low that they seldom hit each other. Rather of crashes, the forces related to the electrical and magnetic fields filling area, control the motion of charged particles. This absence of crashes happens throughout space, other than for really near to celestial objects, such as worlds, stars, or moons. In these cases, the charged particles are no longer taking a trip through the vacuum of space however rather through a medium where they can strike other particles.
Whistler-mode wave electromagnetic field (blue arrows with spiral) propagating along the magnetic field (purple) interacting with electrons (red) going through it. Credit: University of Tokyo
Because electromagnetic fields are so important in area weather, studying these interactions must assist scientists forecast variations in the strength of extremely energetic particles. This may help secure astronauts and satellites from the most serious impacts of space weather condition.
For the very first time ever, physicists have observed energy being moved from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in space. A group from Nagoya University in Japan has observed, for the first time, the energy moving from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in space. A group making up Designated Assistant Professor Naritoshi Kitamura and Professor Yoshizumi Miyoshi of the Institute for Space and Earth Science (ISEE) at Nagoya University, together with researchers from the University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, Tohoku University, Osaka University, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and several international collaborators, primarily used information gotten utilizing low-energy electron spectrometers, called Fast Plasma Investigation-Dual Electron Spectrometers, on board NASAs Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. By applying a technique of using a wave particle interaction analyzer, they prospered in straight spotting the ongoing energy transfer from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves at the area of the spacecraft in space. “This is the first time anyone has actually directly observed the effective growth of waves in space for the wave-particle interaction in between electrons and whistler-mode waves,” describes Kitamura.