High blood pressure is a considerable threat factor for an early death, and heart disease is the leading cause of mortality globally. A diet high in sodium and low in potassium is known to increase high blood pressure.
Around 1.28 billion people around the world have high blood pressure, although majority of these are undiagnosed, according to the researchers.
Salt substitutes, which change a proportion of salt chloride (NaCl) with potassium chloride (KCl), are known to help lower blood pressure.
A recently released large study from China (Salt Substitute and Stroke Study; SSaSS) found that salt replaces cut the risk of cardiac arrest, stroke, and early death. However, it was uncertain whether these benefits would use to other parts of the world.
In an effort to shed light on this, the researchers trawled research databases trying to find randomized scientific trials published up to the end of August 2021 that reported on the effects of a salt replacement on high blood pressure, cardiovascular health, and sudden death.
High blood pressure, which is measured in mm Hg, is made up of two numbers: systolic– the greater number that indicates the force at which the heart pumps blood around the body; and diastolic– the lower number that suggests arterial pressure when the heart is filling with blood.
They pooled the outcomes of 21 pertinent global medical trials involving almost 30,000 people. These were brought out in Europe, the Western Pacific Region, the Americas, and South-East Asia.
The research study periods lasted from 1 month to 5 years. The proportion of salt chloride in the salt replaces differed from 33% to 75%; the percentage of potassium ranged from 25% to 65%.
According to the pooled information analysis, salt replaces decreased high blood pressure in all the participants. The general decrease in systolic blood pressure was 4.61 mm Hg and the general decrease in diastolic blood pressure was 1.61 mmHg.
Decreases in blood pressure seemed to be consistent, irrespective of location, age, sex, history of hypertension, weight (BMI), standard blood pressure, and standard levels of urinary salt and potassium.
And each 10% lower percentage of sodium chloride in the salt replacement was connected with an extra 1.53 mm Hg drop in systolic blood pressure and an extra 0.95 mm Hg drop in diastolic high blood pressure. There was no indicator that taking in more potassium was damaging to ones health.
A pooled information analysis of the results of five of these trials including more than 24,000 participants showed that salt replaces lowered the dangers of sudden death from any trigger by 11%, from heart disease by 13%, and the risks of cardiovascular disease or stroke by 11%.
The scientists acknowledge certain restrictions to their findings, consisting of that the studies in the pooled information analysis differed in design and that there were relatively couple of data for people who didnt have hypertension.
They nonetheless highlight that their findings echo those of the SSaSS, the biggest ever trial of a potassium-enriched salt alternative to date.
” Since blood pressure lowering is the mechanism by which salt substitutes provide their cardiovascular defense, the observed constant high blood pressure decreases make a strong case for generalisability of the cardiovascular protective effect observed in the SSaSS both beyond China and beyond,” the authors write.
” These findings are unlikely to show the play of chance and support the adoption of salt substitutes in medical practice and public health policy as a technique to minimize dietary salt intake, increase dietary potassium intake, lower blood pressure and avoid significant cardiovascular events,” the researchers conclude.
Recommendation: “Effects of salt replaces on clinical outcomes: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis” by Xuejun Yin, Anthony Rodgers, Adam Perkovic, Liping Huang, Ka-Chun Li, Jie Yu, Yangfeng Wu, J H Y Wu, Matti Marklund, Mark D Huffman, J Jaime Miranda, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Darwin Labarthe, Paul Elliott, Maoyi Tian and Bruce Neal, 9 August 2022, Heart.DOI: 10.1136/ heartjnl-2022-321332.
A pooled data analysis of the offered evidence discovers that dietary salt replaces lower the risk of cardiac arrest, stroke, and death from all causes and heart disease.
Scientists state helpful effects likely to use to people all over.
According to a pooled data analysis of the offered proof, dietary salt substitutes lower the risk of cardiac arrest, stroke, and death from all causes and cardiovascular disease. The findings were released on August 9 in the BMJ journal Heart.
The researchers think that the beneficial effects of these substitutes are most likely to apply to people all around the world.