Einstein based his special theory of relativity on 2 presumptions– Galileos concept of relativity and the constancy of the speed of light. As Andrzej Dragan argues, the very first concept is vital, which presumes that in every inertial system, the laws of physics are the same, and all inertial observers are equivalent.
Usually, this principle uses to observers who are moving relative to each other at speeds less than the speed of light (c). There is no essential factor why observers moving in relation to the described physical systems with speeds higher than the speed of light must not be subject to it, argues Dragan.
What happens when we assume– a minimum of theoretically– that the world could be observable from superluminal frames of recommendation? There is an opportunity that this would permit the incorporation of the basic concepts of quantum mechanics into the special theory of relativity. This revolutionary hypothesis by Professor Andrzej Dragan and Professor Artur Ekert from the University of Oxford presented for the first time in the short article “Quantum principle of relativity” released two years earlier in the New Journal of Physics.
There they thought about the streamlined case of both households of observers in a space-time consisting of two measurements: one spatial and one time measurement. In their latest publication “Relativity of superluminal observers in 1 + 3 spacetime”, a group of 5 physicists goes a step further– presenting conclusions about the full four-dimensional spacetime. The authors begin with the idea of space-time representing our physical reality: with three spatial measurements and one time dimension.
From the point of view of the superluminal observer, just one measurement of this world maintains a spatial character, the one along which the particles can move.
” The other 3 measurements are time dimensions,” explains Professor Andrzej Dragan.
” From the point of view of such an observer, the particle “ages” individually in each of the three times. From our point of view– illuminated bread eaters– it looks like a simultaneous movement in all instructions of space, i.e. the propagation of a quantum-mechanical round wave associated with a particle,” remarks Professor Krzysztof Turzyński, co-author of the paper.
It is, as described by Professor Andrzej Dragan, in accordance with Huygens principle developed currently in the 18th century, according to which every point reached by a wave ends up being the source of a new spherical wave. This concept initially applied just to the light wave, but quantum mechanics extended this concept to all other types of matter.
As the authors of the publication show, the addition of superluminal observers in the description requires the development of a new meaning of velocity and kinematics.– This new meaning protects Einsteins postulate of the constancy of the speed of light in a vacuum even for superluminal observers– show the authors of the paper. “Therefore, our extended unique relativity does not look like a particularly elegant idea” includes Dragan.
How does the description of the world to which we introduce superluminal observers alter? After taking into consideration superluminal services, the world becomes nondeterministic, particles– instead of one at a time– begin to move along numerous trajectories simultaneously, in accordance with the quantum concept of superposition.
” For a superluminal observer, the classical Newtonian point particle ceases to make good sense, and the field becomes the only quantity that can be used to explain the real world,” keeps in mind Andrzej Dragan.
” Until recently it was usually thought that postulates underlying quantum theory are fundamental and can not be originated from anything more standard. In this work, we showed that the validation of quantum theory using extended relativity, can be naturally generalized to 1 + 3 spacetime and such an extension results in conclusions postulated by quantum field theory”– write the authors of the publication.
All particles, for that reason, seem to have remarkable– quantum! Can we identify particles that are normal for superluminal observers, i.e. particles moving relative to us at superluminal speeds?
” Its not that easy,” states Professor Krzysztof Turzyński.
” The mere speculative discovery of a brand-new basic particle is a feat worthwhile of the Nobel Prize and possible in a big research study group using the current speculative techniques. Nevertheless, we want to apply our outcomes to a much better understanding of the phenomenon of spontaneous balance breaking related to the mass of the Higgs particle and other particles in the Standard Model, specifically in the early universe.”
Andrzej Dragan adds that the important ingredient of any spontaneous symmetry-breaking mechanism is a tachyonic field. It seems that superluminal phenomena may play a crucial function in the Higgs system.
Referral: “Relativity of superluminal observers in 1+ 3 spacetime” by Andrzej Dragan, Kacper Dębski, Szymon Charzyński, Krzysztof Turzyński and Artur Ekert, 30 December 2022, Classical and Quantum Gravity.DOI: 10.1088/ 1361-6382/ acad60.
In their newest publication “Relativity of superluminal observers in 1 + 3 spacetime”, a group of 5 physicists goes an action further– presenting conclusions about the complete four-dimensional spacetime. As the authors of the publication prove, the addition of superluminal observers in the description requires the development of a brand-new definition of velocity and kinematics.– This brand-new definition maintains Einsteins postulate of the constancy of the speed of light in a vacuum even for superluminal observers– prove the authors of the paper. All particles, for that reason, seem to have remarkable– quantum! Can we spot particles that are regular for superluminal observers, i.e. particles moving relative to us at superluminal speeds?
The researchers hope that their findings will contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking connected with the mass of the Higgs particle and other particles in the Standard Model, especially in the early universe.
How would our world be perceived by observers moving faster than light in a vacuum? According to theorists from Warsaw and Oxford universities, such a view would differ from what we come across daily, with the presence of not just spontaneous phenomena but likewise particles traveling numerous courses simultaneously.
Futhermore, the extremely concept of time would be totally transformed– a superluminal world would need to be defined with 3 time dimensions and one spatial measurement and it would need to be described in the familiar language of field theory. It ends up that the presence of such superluminal observers does not result in anything rationally irregular, additionally, it is quite possible that superluminal things really exist.
” In the early 20th century, Albert Einstein totally redefined the way we perceive time and area. Three-dimensional space acquired a fourth dimension– time, and the concepts of time and space, so far different, began to be dealt with as a whole. In the unique theory of relativity formulated in 1905 by Albert Einstein, time and space differ only in the check in some of the equations” explains Professor Andrzej Dragan, a physicist from the Faculty of Physics of the University of Warsaw and Center for Quantum Technologies of the National University of Singapore.
